Academic Writing 注意事項<br/><br/>時間: Fri Nov 20 13:36:41 2009<br/>以下內容為學校老師在修改班上學術寫作後給我們的注意事項<br/>我覺得滿受用的~分享給大家~<br/>--------------------------------------------------------<br/>Grammar<br/>�獺獺獺�<br/>Sentences: Sentences in academic writing never begin with the following: so, but, and, also.<br/>           &quot;So&quot; &quot;but&quot; &quot;and&quot; are used in the middle of sentences, to link clauses.<br/>           &quot;Also&quot; is used just after the verb &quot;be&quot; or just before any other verb (after the Subject).<br/>           Generally, relative clauses must have a relative pronoun (which/whose) and a verb.<br/>Spelling: This is a major issue for some of you.<br/>          If you are typing, please use spell-check, and make a note of words you regularly mis-spell<br/>          so that you don't have the same problem next time you write those words.<br/>           (However, grammar-check is unreliable.  I don't recommend using it.)<br/>Plurals: If we are talking about something generally,<br/>         we usually use the plural form without an article: e.g. &quot;Toyota produces cars.&quot;<br/>Expression<br/>�獺獺獺獺�<br/>       Don't personalise: In academic writing, don't use &quot;I&quot;, &quot;my&quot;, &quot;we&quot;, &quot;our&quot;, &quot;you&quot; or &quot;your&quot;.<br/>      　　　　　　　 Your writing needs to express your views without personalising the language.<br/> 　　　　　　　      Instead of &quot;I will show that ...&quot; try &quot;This paragraph will demonstrate that ...&quot;,<br/>　　　　　　　       or instead of &quot;We can see&quot;, try &quot;It can be seen&quot;.<br/>       　　　　　　　I've told you this a number of times, but many of you are still doing it.<br/>　　　Don't use subjective language: Avoid expressions like &quot;Obviously&quot;, &quot;Of course&quot;, &quot;As we know&quot;, etc.<br/>      　　　　　　   Nothing is obvious until you make it obvious.  Do not assume that &quot;we&quot; know anything.<br/>         　　　　　　Your opinion may be completely different to mine, so you have to back it up and prove it.<br/>         　　　　　　Avoid absolutes like &quot;definitely&quot;, &quot;perfect&quot;, &quot;always&quot;, &quot;everyone&quot;, and so on.<br/>        　 Avoid emotional words like &quot;wonderful&quot;, &quot;gorgeous&quot;, &quot;tragic&quot;, and so on.  They do not sound objective.<br/>　　　Don't use casual language: Avoid &quot;besides&quot;, &quot;by the way&quot;, &quot;lots of&quot;.<br/>      　　　　　　   These are either spoken expressions, or something you'd write in an email to a friend.<br/>　　　Be specific: If you refer to &quot;people&quot;, or &quot;some people&quot;, or even &quot;many people&quot;,<br/>      　　　　       you need be specific about who you mean.  Do you mean Chinese consumers?<br/>             　　　　Middle-income families? Twenty-year-old beauty queens?  Elderly African teachers?<br/>            　　　　 Unemployed gay Swedish dentists?<br/>Academic discourse<br/>�獺獺獺獺獺獺獺獺�<br/>         You must learn to tell the difference between facts and opinions in your own writing.<br/>         Read your own essays critically.  Back up your supporting points with evidence and examples.<br/>         Don't make broad claims without references or evidence.<br/>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br/>~老師好認真~<br/>--<br/> ~ 踏著夢想的浪花前進 ~<br/>--<br/><br/><br/>
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